All Terrain Vehicle YEMELYA
Digest

«Yemelya» – is an amphibious vehicle designed for transportation over ice floes and thin ice of the Arctic Ocean. Its six wheels are dressed with special low pressure tires inflated to the mere 0,7 bar. The gross vehicle weight is under 1,5 tons while the total water displacement of the six inflated tires constitutes 4 tons resulting in the very shallow draft of the vehicle body in water - just 10 centimeters. Despite the large profile and windage characteristics of vehicle’s body, its spinning wheels are capable of propelling at the speed of 2-3 km/h on the open water. The vehicle tows three single-axel trailers each loaded with a pair of 200 L fuel barrels and six 130 L plastic containers for food and gear. Inside of its aluminum body, which also performs the function of vehicle’s frame, “Yemelya’s” drive train uses an engine from a Toyota front wheel driven passenger car for its powerhouse. Two driveshafts of the engine deliver torque to the locking differentials of the front and middle axles. The rear differential can also be locked and is driven by chain drive and a driveshaft from the middle axle. Driveshafts of all wheels have through-body construction and use rubber seals at the entry points. The engine, transmission and the electrical components of the drive train are all located completely on the inside of the sealed, watertight body, allowing “Yemelya” to feel quite comfortable in salty sea waters. Wheel drums are mounted on separate levers of vehicle’s independent suspension with a free travel of 450 mm. Mechanical winch in the front of “Yemelya” is driven by the main engine power through a separate clutch mechanism. Mechanical winch design is the most reliable and it is not susceptible to overheating and ice build up inside of its components resulting from condensation of water vapors, common with the electric winches. Battery terminals are extended to the outside of the vehicle’s body allowing them to be connected in-line for welding. Snow melting container is located in specially designed pocket near muffler of the exhaust system. On the inside, «Yemelya» is a spacious, well insulated transport capable of accommodating Arctic travelers for extended periods of time with safety and comfort.

Comparison characteristics

General information «Yemelya» all-terrain vehicle 1,2 (2008-2009) «Yemelya» all-terrain vehicle 3,4 (2011 – at present time)
Unladen mass, kg 1500 1430
Gross mass, kg 2100 2100
Payload capacity, kg 600 670
Mass and number of towed trailers, kg 2x800 3x800
Average ground pressure per unit of area under full load, kPa (kgf⁄sm²) 7 (0,07) 7 (0,07)
Maximum travel speed at hard-surface roads, km⁄h 50 50
Minimum travel speed at lowest gear, km⁄h 2,5 2
Travel speed afloat, km⁄h 2-3 2-3
Fuel tank capacity, l 90 50
Wheelbase, mm 3600 3600
Wheel track, mm 1950 1950
Clearance, mm 600 600
Length, mm 5200 5200
Width, mm 2450 2450
Height, mm 2700 2700
2. Engine    
Diesel TOYOTA TOYOTA
Displacement, sm ². 2000 2000
Power, hp (kW) 75 (55,2) at 3400 rpm 75 (55,2) at 3400 rpm
Torque, Nm 132,4 at 2000 rpm 132,4 at 2000 rpm
3. Transmission    
Clutch Single-plate, dry, hydraulically-operated Single-disk, dry, hydraulically-operated
Gearbox Mechanical, 5-speed Mechanical, 5-speed, with lockable interaxle differential
Front axle main gear Hypoid-spiral bevel gear, with limited-slip differential Hypoid-spiral bevel gear, with lockable differential
Intermediate axle main gear Hypoid-spiral bevel gear, with locked differential Hypoid-spiral bevel gear, with lockable differential
Rear axle main gear Hypoid-spiral bevel gear, with locked differential Hypoid-spiral bevel gear, with lockable differential
Wheel drives Constant velocity joint Constant velocity joint
Free-wheel clutches («Hubs») Mechanical, manual, at middle and rear axles Mechanical, automatic, at rear axle
Front wheels ⁄ rear wheels swiveling mechanism Steering wheel, screw-nut type⁄rope type Steering wheel, screw-nut type⁄----no----
Rear axle Permanently engaged Switchable, rear-axle actuation mechanism – vacuum-type
Brakes Disk-type transmission brakes, at front axle and rear axle Disk-type transmission brakes, at intermediate axle
Winch Mechanical driven with multi-plate clutch Mechanical driven with multi-plate clutch
Rope Kevlar, length on reel 100 m Kevlar, length on reel 50 m
4. Chassis    
Wheel arrangement 6õ6 6õ6
Propulsion device type Wheel-type, tire-shell OSh-1 1300õ500x530 Wheel-type, tire-shell OSh-1 1300õ500x530
Tire pressure, kPa (kg⁄sm²) 5 (0,05) 5 (0,05)
Suspension Independent, spring-type with shock-absorbers, double fishbone suspension on crossbars Independent, spring-type with shock-absorbers, double fishbone suspension on crossbars ⁄ doubled shock-absorbers at the front axle
Directional control Steering, by simultaneous turning of front and rear wheels Steering, by turning of front wheels
Rear wheels control switchable --------
Turning radius between kerbs, m 7,25 6,25 (with switched-off rear axle)
5. Body    
Body displacement together with submerged wheel, tons 2,1 2,1
Frame Three-dimensional, integrated in the body, made of light alloy, welded⁄riveted Three-dimensional, integrated in the body, made of light alloy, riveted
Cabin Wagon-type configuration, made of light alloy, riveted, with thermal insulation by PU foam sheets with heat reflector Wagon-type configuration, made of light alloy, riveted, with thermal insulation by PU foam sheets with heat reflector
Number of seats (including driver's seat) 3-5 3-5
Number of berths 5 5